Oljka, sušne razmere, tla in deficitno namakanje

Avtorji

Maja Podgornik, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Inštitut za oljkarstvo; Jakob Fantinič, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Inštitut za oljkarstvo; Milena Bučar-Miklavčič, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Inštitut za oljkarstvo; Vasilij Valenčič, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Inštitut za oljkarstvo; Bojan Butinar, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče Koper, Inštitut za oljkarstvo; Dominik Vodnik, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta; Helena Gramc; Damijana Kastelec, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta; Mitja Ferlan, Kmetijski inštitut Slovenije; Marina Pintar, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta

Ključne besede:

oljka, fiziologija rastlin, sušni stres, sušno podnebje, namakanje zemljišč

Kratka vsebina

Monografija obsega pregled znanja na področju prilagoditve oljk na sušne razmere ter pregled tehnologij namakanja oljk. Res je, da je oljka manj zahtevna vrsta, saj lahko uspeva v izjemno skeletnih tleh in je zelo dobro prilagojena na pomanjkanje vode v njih, a kljub fiziološkim prilagoditvam, lahko sušne razmere negativno vplivajo na rast, razvoj in pridelek oljk. Sušni stres lahko pri oljkah blažimo z deficitnim namakanjem. Deficitni način namakanja je oblika nadgradnje namakanja, saj z nadzorovanim primanjkljajem vode zagotovimo kakovost pridelka, obstoj rastline ter hkrati zmanjšamo porabo vode in energije. Deficitni način namakanja, temelji na načelu, da obrok vode dodamo takrat, ko ga rastlina najbolj gospodarno uporabi. Pri tem je ključnega pomena poznavanje rastlinske vrste, njenih anatomskih in morfoloških značilnosti, fizioloških prilagoditev na sušo, biokemijski odziv na stresne dejavnike in s tem vpliv na kakovost plodov in olja. Poleg tega je potrebno tudi poznavanje dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na pridelovalne sposobnosti oljk, kot so lastnosti tal s svojimi vodno zadrževalnimi sposobnostmi ter dostopna voda v tleh. Ob skrbnem upoštevanju potreb rastline in okoljskih razmer z ustreznim delovanjem namakalnega sistema lahko dosežemo usklajeno razmerje med kakovostjo in količino pridelka o hkratnem varovanju potencialov naravnih virov.

Št. prenosov

Podatki o prenosih še niso na voljo.

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2 June 2022

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Kako citirati

Podgornik, M. (2022) Oljka, sušne razmere, tla in deficitno namakanje. ANNALES ZRS, znanstvena založba ZRS Koper. doi:10.35469/978-961-7058-87-1.